What is the ruling on the zakat of land that was purchased by paying a down payment and the remainder in installments over years, and is zakat due on the total price of the land or only on the portion paid?

Zakat is not obligatory on land unless it is purchased with the intention of trading it, in which case it is subject to Zakat on trade goods. If a year passes on the original purchase and its value reaches the nisab, its Zakat becomes obligatory. If it is not sold, it is permissible to postpone the Zakat until it is sold, at which point Zakat for the past years is paid. When Zakat becomes obligatory, the land is appraised, and then debts that are not offset by money not subject to Zakat are deducted from its value.