Are the secretions that were accompanied by blood on the eighth and ninth days from the start of the period considered menses or istihadah (non-menstrual bleeding), especially since the ninth day ended with the discharge of the white discharge (al-Qassah al-Bayda’) along with a spot of blood, and what are the implications of this regarding making up prayers?

As long as blood was seen on the eighth and ninth days, these days are considered part of the menstrual period. Purity is not established except by seeing one of its two signs (dryness or the white discharge). The small amount of blood that reappeared after ghusl is also considered menstruation, as long as it is within a time frame suitable for menstruation. Ghusl must be performed again after its cessation.