Is it permissible for a shepherd or a farm worker to receive a monthly salary in addition to a percentage of the profits (or profit and loss, in the case of a farm worker)?
This person is either an employee who deserves a known wage, or a partner who deserves a share of the produce, or both an employee and a partner at the same time with a fixed wage for their effort. It is permissible for the wage of the person who undertakes the cultivation of the land to be an undivided share of its produce, according to one narration from the Hanbalis, but the school of thought does not permit this if the growth occurs without his effort. It is also permissible to take a share of the milk, offspring, and wool of livestock in return for caring for them, according to one narration from the Hanbalis, but the school of thought does not validate this. It is not permissible to combine an undivided share with a known sum, and this is the correct view according to Ahmad, even though there is a narration that permits it. Acting upon the view of the majority is more cautious.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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