Is taking different juristic opinions from the schools of thought in matters such as the rulings on the prostration of forgetfulness (sujud al-sahw), the places of the transitional takbeers, and the prayer of the latecomer to the congregational prayer (salat al-masbuq) considered prohibited "talfiq" (piecing together/eclecticism) that invalidates the prayer?

The questioner is advised to adhere to the prevailing Maliki school of thought in their country to avoid hardship and difficulty. Talfiq (mixing) between different madhhabs (schools of thought) within a single issue is forbidden. However, it is not considered talfiq to adopt the sunnah of the takbirat al-intiqal (transitionary takbirs) and tasbih, and not performing sujood as-sahw (prostration of forgetfulness) for omitting them. Similarly, it is not talfiq to follow the Shafi'i school regarding how a latecomer (masbuq) completes their prayer. Sujood as-sahw, whether performed before or after the salam, is valid according to the majority of scholars, although the Malikis have detailed rulings on this. Not performing sujood as-sahw for omitting takbir and tasbih is the view of the Shafi'i and Hanafi schools, because these are sunnahs whose omission does not necessitate sujood as-sahw. In contrast, the Malikis consider the takbir a sunnah and the tasbih a virtue, and intentionally or unknowingly omitting them might invalidate the prayer for a Maliki. Adherence to any madhhab must be in accordance with legitimate Sharia guidelines, not merely for the purpose of seeking concessions.