What is the amount of zakat that must be paid on a plot of land that was purchased and then sold to buy a residential apartment? And what is the amount of zakat on another plot of land purchased with the intention of investment, which has not yet been sold, and also on a residential apartment purchased with the intention of dwelling, but then the intention changed to selling it, and it has not yet been sold?

Zakat is obligatory on land prepared for sale because it is considered a trade commodity, but it is not obligatory on land acquired for residence. If you bought an apartment with the intention of living in it, and then your intention changed to selling it, there is no zakat on it until it is sold. At that point, a new hawl (lunar year) begins for its price.

As for the plot of land you bought for 30,000 pounds and sold for 80,000 pounds, there is no zakat on it unless a hawl passes while it is in your possession. This is if the original intention of purchase was not for sale. However, if the intention of purchase was for sale, then zakat is obligatory on it because it remained in your possession for more than a hawl. It should be appraised annually and zakat paid on its value.

For the plot of land you bought for investment two and a half years ago, zakat is obligatory on it. Its value should be estimated on the day the hawl for the money you bought it with completes, and you should pay 2.5% of its value as zakat for each year.