What is the evidence from the Qur'an and Sunnah for the belief that the Prophet of Allah, Jesus, is the son of God? And did this belief come about through doubt, following whims, and rejecting what the monotheist disciples were upon? And who were those who introduced it? And did it come before or after the ascension? And did any of the disciples disbelieve?

This false belief came about due to extremism in religion, and the first to introduce it was Paul, who was a Jew and embraced Islam hypocritically to corrupt the religion of the Christians. He introduced many extreme statements and innovations to them, such as the claim of the divinity of Christ and his mother. Sheikh al-Islam says that the Christians took Christ and his mother as two gods, and took their rabbis and monks as lords, and the first to innovate this was Paul. Ibn al-Qayyim said that Paul of Samosata was the first to introduce the concepts of divinity (lahoot) and humanity (nasoot) concerning Christ, whereas before that, Christians used to say that he was a servant and messenger. The disciples did not come with this belief, and they are not infallible. It has not been reported that any of them committed disbelief, but the claim of their infallibility and that they are messengers of God like Abraham and Moses, is a false and forbidden claim.