Do the expenses for alimony, which were previously refused, lapse, considering the son is 17 years old? If not, how much would they be? And can the father take him to live with him?

The child's maintenance obligation (nafaqa) is forfeited by the passage of time unless decreed by a judge. Therefore, whoever has spent on the child does not have the right to claim past maintenance, unless they intended, at the time of spending, to claim it back from the father. In that case, they may claim it. The maintenance is estimated according to the child's need and sufficiency, in accordance with what is customary (bil-ma'ruf). The competent authority for its estimation in case of dispute is the Sharia judge. The father must take the child in and is obligated to provide for his maintenance and housing as long as the child is poor and unable to earn a living.