What is the ruling on a mother disposing of her son's share of his father's inheritance without his knowledge, and is it permissible for her to take this share to pay off her son's debt to her, and is it permissible for her to trade with this money without his knowledge?

A mother is not permitted to withhold her son's share of inheritance, including his right to the rent from a building. Her claim of a debt owed to her does not justify this. Rather, she must first give him his right, and only then may she demand her debt. The majority of scholars prohibit a father from taking from his child's wealth except in cases of need. The Hanbalis, who permitted this, set conditions, including that it must not harm the son or take that which is essential for his needs. A mother is not permitted to sell or trade with property except with the owner's permission.