What is the ruling on a secret marriage contracted between a man and a woman in Iran, knowing that the woman claimed she was irrevocably divorced from her previous husband, despite her father reconciling her with him each time, and is this marriage considered legally valid according to Sharia?

What occurred between the young man and the woman was zina (unlawful sexual intercourse) for several reasons: The marriage contract was concluded without a guardian (wali), and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Any woman who marries without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is invalid." It was also done without witnesses, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "There is no marriage except with a guardian and two just witnesses." Furthermore, it is not clear whether the woman was married at the time of the contract.

The young man and the woman must repent for what they have committed. There is no impediment to them remarrying anew after repentance and istibra' (ensuring no pregnancy). The father must also repent for sending his daughter to Europe without a legitimate shar'i justification or a mahram (unmarriageable kin).