What is the difference between Al-ʿUluw (Exaltation/Highness) and Al-Istiwāʾ (Ascension/Establishment) upon the Throne?
Transcendence (al-'Uluw) and Establishment (al-Istiwa') over the Throne are two attributes of Allah Almighty, firmly established by the Qur'an and . Belief in them is obligatory, according to their true meaning, without any denial, metaphorical interpretation, or likening. Transcendence necessitates Allah's exaltedness above all His creation, while Establishment necessitates Allah's exaltedness over His Throne and His establishment upon it. Transcendence is established by human nature (al-) and textual evidence, and it is an essential attribute of Allah. As for Establishment, it is established by textual evidence alone, and it is an attribute of action related to Allah's will.
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