Is it forbidden for a young man to groom himself and style his hair in a way that attracts girls, given that it conforms to Islamic rulings and is not considered qaza' (shaving parts of the head and leaving others) or imitation of disbelievers?

There is no harm for a man in adorning himself with permissible adornments, such as styling his hair, unless he predominantly believes that by doing so, he will tempt women. In that case, he should abandon adornment in front of them, lest he become a cause of temptation. He must distance himself from the causes of temptation, either by changing his appearance or by moving away from the place where temptation occurs.