Is the deceased harmed by a grave with a concrete and iron roof directly adjacent to the niche, and what should be done if the deceased or those who buried him were unaware of the ruling, and what action should be taken with official bodies that bury in this manner if it harms the deceased?

It is disliked to seal the laḥd (niche in the grave) with cement and iron because it imitates the people of this world and the extravagant, and it is a bad omen that fire will not touch the deceased. However, there is no objection to it if there is a need for it. If it is for boasting or if the deceased bequeathed it, then one shares in the sin. The preferred way is to bury the Muslim according to the Sunnah (definition). It is not permissible to exhume a grave buried in this manner. Instead, those in charge of burials should be taught to limit sealing the laḥd to adobe bricks, baked bricks, or stones. One should not criticize them or the official authority if there is a need to use something else.