What are the types of water as the jurists classified them?

Scholars have divided water, in relation to purification, into three categories:

First: Absolute water (al-ma' al-mutlaq), which is pure in itself and purifying for others, such as rainwater, Zamzam water, and the like.

Second: Water whose color, taste, or smell has changed due to something that usually separates from it (like soap). This water is pure in itself, but its purifying nature for others is a matter of dispute.

Third: Impure water (al-ma' al-mutanajjis), which is water that has come into contact with an impurity that altered one of its characteristics. Its ruling is that it is impure and may not be used for worship or customary purposes.