Is it permissible to travel and reside in non-Muslim countries for work in the field of surgery, knowing that living in the current Arab country is considered a war against the religion of Allah and a harassment of the people of Tawhid?

It is not forbidden for a Muslim to reside in a non-Muslim country if he is able to practice his religious rites and is safe from temptation. However, it is preferable to reside in Muslim countries.

If the country in which one grew up fights against religion and restricts its adherents, then the balance at that point is to choose the lesser of two evils, by prioritizing the country that is more conducive to obedience to Allah and further from disobedience to Him.

If you are unable to assess, then you should perform Istikhara (prayer for guidance) and consult with people of experience and knowledge.