What is the ruling on this transaction which involves investing 200,0 pounds in agricultural crops, deposited in an interest-based bank in the name of the investor's company, with monthly payments of expected profits received, and a final settlement of actual profits at the end of the year?

It is not permissible for companies to open accounts in usurious banks except out of necessity, and if no Sharia-compliant alternative is available, provided that the account is a current account with no usurious interest. Otherwise, it is forbidden.

If the company deals with usury, whether borrowing or lending, then it is not permissible to invest in it.

However, if the account is a current account with no interest, and the company's field of work is permissible and its financial transactions are regulated, then there is no harm in investing in it.

And if the contract between the company and the investor is based on the permissible Mudarabah (profit-sharing) agreement, with a known agreed-upon percentage for profit distribution, and the investor bearing the loss of his capital, then there is no harm in that.

Similarly, there is no harm in calculating what has been received and deducting it from the total actual return and taking the remaining profits, if this offsetting occurs in both profit and loss.