Were the polytheists of Quraish punished with drought after the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) supplication against them, taking into consideration what was narrated by Abu Hurairah and Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with them)?

This Hadith is authentic and agreed upon. It indicates that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, cursed Mudar when they turned away from Islam and tortured the believers, and he prayed for the weak believers in Mecca. Allah answered his prayer, and they were afflicted with drought and famine until they ate hides and carrion. Then, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, stopped supplicating after the revelation of the verse {Not for you, [O Muhammad], is a say in the matter}, either because he had supplicated sufficiently against them, or for the salvation of the weak. There is no contradiction between ceasing the supplication and the affliction of punishment upon the polytheists, for Allah decreed the answering of the Prophet's prayer and the punishment descended upon them.