What is the ruling on repeating a single prayer with one ablution due to discovering an error or for other reasons, given the suffering from flatulence and the doubt concerning its emission, and what should be done about past prayers?

The cure for waswasah (whispers/obsessive thoughts) is to turn away from them and not pay them any attention. Thus, the emission of wind should not be ruled unless there is absolute certainty. Prayer should not be repeated due to a doubt about a mistake, but rather it should only be repeated with absolute certainty that its repetition is obligatory. A person afflicted with uncontrolled emission of wind (without waswasah) should seek a time when the emission stops to perform ablution and pray. If unable to find such a time, they should perform ablution for the prayer after its time has begun and pray the obligatory prayer and as many supererogatory prayers as they wish, until that time expires. This is sufficient for them as long as it is within the prayer's time.