Have I wronged my fiancée, and will she be my adversary on the Day of Resurrection, given that she rejected my conditions regarding dress, work, and mixing after it became clear to me that these are religious obligations?

When the girl says, "Allah is sufficient for me, and He is the best Disposer of affairs," she is entrusting her matter to Allah, and it is not a supplication against you. Breaking off an engagement is permissible because it is merely a promise of marriage, and you are not wronging her by breaking it off, nor will there be any dispute between you on the Day of Judgment. If agreement between you is possible, that is better; otherwise, let each of you go their separate way, and perhaps Allah will grant each of you something better. An engagement does not necessitate the obedience of the fiancée to her fiancé.