What is the ruling on unintentional killing, such as a beating that leads to death?

Murder is divided into three types: intentional, semi-intentional, and accidental. The distinction between them depends on the intent and the type of instrument used.

Intentional murder: This involves the intent to kill a person with something that typically causes death, whether it be a sharp instrument or a heavy object. Its consequences include sin, disinheritance, expiation if pardoned or if blood money is accepted, and retaliation (qisas) or pardon.

Semi-intentional murder: This involves the intent to commit an assault with something that does not ordinarily cause death, but it nonetheless leads to death. This necessitates sin and aggravated blood money to be paid by the 'aqilah (male agnates).

Accidental murder: This is when a permissible act leads to the killing of an inviolable soul without intent. This necessitates mitigated blood money to be paid by the 'aqilah and expiation (freeing a slave or fasting for two consecutive months).