What is the difference between loyalty to Allah, His Messenger, and the believers, and the loyalty mentioned in the prophetic hadiths such as "Loyalty is to the one who frees," and "Whoever claims to be other than his father, or pledges loyalty to other than his masters, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all of mankind"?

Loyalty, in its primary meaning, is the love of Allah, His Messenger, Islam, and its people, and supporting them. The root of the word comes from closeness. The term Mawla is applied to a beloved, a helper, a cousin, an ally, and a benefactor. As for the loyalty of emancipation (wala' al-'itq), it is the relationship between the emancipator and the emancipated due to the act of emancipation. The emancipator has a greater right to inheritance than others if the emancipated person has no blood relatives as heirs. It has been "forbidden to sell or gift loyalty." The meaning of "he took as patrons others than his patrons" is that he took someone other than them as an heir.