What is the ruling on looking at the laws written on the walls of the examination hall, knowing that the writer is not the questioner?

It is not permissible for a student to intentionally look at writings on a wall to benefit from them in an exam, because that is considered cheating. However, if he looks at them unintentionally and benefits from them, the matter is easier, although it is more scrupulous not to write anything except what he knows himself. Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen hesitated on this issue, while in another instance he explicitly stated its permissibility if there was no intention to cheat, citing the hadith (definition), "Whoever forgets while he is fasting and eats or drinks, let him complete his fast." The dictation of answers by teachers during an exam is considered cheating, betrayal, and corruption, and it is forbidden due to the generality of the hadith: "Whoever cheats us is not of us."