Is it permissible for a Muslim to borrow money from his Christian wife if she will borrow this money with interest from the bank, knowing that the money itself is originally permissible (halal) and that the husband has no involvement in the usurious transaction with the bank?

Usury is a grave matter, and it is impermissible to engage in it. It is also impermissible to command one's wife or encourage her to deal in it, even if she is not Muslim, because this constitutes enjoining evil. It is not permissible for the questioner to undertake this action as long as he has a choice and is not compelled.