Is it permissible to count the money spent to cover a brother's study expenses as part of the zakat expenditures?
The student who is given from Zakat is a student of Islamic sciences. Students of worldly sciences that are considered a communal obligation (fard kifaya), such as medicine, may be included if Muslims are in need of them. However, if one is pursuing another worldly science, it is not permissible to give them Zakat under the description of a student. Rather, it is permissible to give it to them under the description of poverty if they are poor and unable to earn a living, and their guardian is unable to support them; this is based on the Almighty's saying: "Indeed, [obligatory] charities are only for the poor and the needy." It is not permissible to give Zakat to one who is able to earn a living. It is also not permissible to count what you spent on your brother in the past as Zakat, because intention is a condition for Zakat to be valid.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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