Is it permissible for a father to grant one of his children a house by way of sale in exchange for that child not inheriting from the rest of the estate, and is it permissible for the son to then demand his share of the inheritance?

A father is not permitted to favor some of his children over others in gift-giving without a legitimate Shar'i (Islamic legal) reason. If the gift is conditioned by a stipulation that contradicts its essence, such as the condition that the donor's heir (the recipient) not inherit from anyone else, then this condition is void, and the gift is impermissible. The recipient of the gift must return it, and the inheritance should be divided among him and his siblings according to the prescribed Islamic division, because one of the conditions for inheritance is the certainty of the inheritor's death. We emphasize that matters of inheritance are critical and complex, and they should be referred to Sharia courts or discussed directly with scholars.