Is it permissible for the intention behind sponsoring an orphan, giving charity, distributing books, and providing water to be shared between myself, my deceased father, and all Muslims, or is it better to dedicate the reward of the charity solely to my father?

We have not found anything in the Sunnah or the statements of scholars that differentiates between dedicating the reward of a charity to one person or to more than one. What is mentioned in the Sunnah is the permissibility of giving charity on behalf of the deceased. Some scholars have stated that it is better for a person to keep the reward of their acts of worship for themselves and to frequently supplicate for their deceased and for all deceased Muslims, and that this was the known practice of the Salaf. Scholars have not differed that the deceased benefits from supplication and charity and that their reward reaches them. They have differed concerning other deeds.