ما حكم عمل المرأة مع زوجها في تنظيف البيوت في أمريكا؟

The majority of scholars are of the opinion that it is impermissible for a Muslim to work in cleaning the homes of disbelievers or any work that involves personal service to a disbeliever, due to the humiliation it entails for the Muslim, which is forbidden by Islamic law. Ahmad ibn Hanbal explicitly stated that it is not permissible for a Muslim to hire himself out to a dhimmī (non-Muslim living under Muslim rule) for service, whereas it is permissible for a specific task, because the service of a Muslim to a disbeliever involves the subjugation and humiliation of the Muslim.

Jurists have agreed on the permissibility of a disbeliever working for a Muslim, and the permissibility of a Muslim hiring himself out to a disbeliever for a specific task (such as sewing a garment). However, they differed on the ruling regarding a Muslim serving a disbeliever: Hanafis: They consider it permissible with karāhah (dislike), because utilizing someone is a form of subjugation. Malikis: They divided the matter into permissible (working in a Muslim's home), makrūh (disliked) (a disbeliever's exploitation of a Muslim's work without the Muslim being under his direct control), forbidden (being under the direct control of a disbeliever as a service employee), and ḥarām (unlawful) (actions that are not permissible to perform). Shafi'is: They consider it forbidden for a Muslim to serve a disbeliever directly or indirectly, in order to protect the Muslim from humiliation and based on the Almighty's saying: {And never will Allah grant to the disbelievers a way (to triumph) over the believers.} Hanbalis: In the authentic narration, they consider it forbidden for a Muslim to hire himself out or lend himself to a disbeliever for service, based on the same verse and because it entails humiliation.

Based on this, it is not permissible for a Muslim woman to work in cleaning the homes of disbelievers, even if it is with her husband. As for a woman working in cleaning the homes of Muslims, there is no objection to it, provided there is no forbidden mixing with men or display of adornment.