Is it permissible for a pilgrim in the state of ihram to exit from it due to an unforeseen circumstance, such as sudden illness or news of a death, before completing Umrah or Hajj?

A pilgrim in ihram cannot exit the state of ihram before completing their ritual merely upon hearing surprising news, such as the death of someone, unless it prevents them from completing the ritual.

However, if they contract an illness that prevents them from completing the ritual, they are permitted to exit ihram, slaughter the sacrificial animal (hady), and shave their head, because they are considered to be in the state of ihsar (being prevented from completing the pilgrimage). Ihsar includes both illness and an enemy. According to the preponderant opinion, they are not obliged to make up the ritual from which they were prevented.

Similarly, if the pilgrim stipulated when entering ihram that if anything prevents them, their place of exit from ihram is where they are prevented, then if an illness or an impediment arises that prevents them from completing their ritual, they may exit ihram, and there is no fidyah (expiation) or make-up required of them. This is based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying to Duba'ah bint Az-Zubayr: "Perform Hajj and stipulate that your place of exit from ihram is where you are prevented," and his saying: "For indeed, you have upon your Lord what you have stipulated."