What is the difference between pride (Fakhr) and boasting (Tafakhur), what is the ruling on boasting in Islam, and does its ruling differ if it is about religion, parents, or homeland?

Boasting (al-fakhr) is praising one's own qualities and recounting past glories. There is no difference between it and mutual boasting (al-tafakhur) except that the latter implies shared participation. Both are blameworthy in the religion, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Four things from the matters of Jahiliyyah (the pre-Islamic era of ignorance) will remain in my Ummah (nation), which they will not abandon: boasting about noble ancestry, and slandering lineages." The worst type of boasting is boasting about one's worship and religiosity, because it is hypocrisy, self-admiration, and seeking a reputation.