All praise is due to Allah. The questioner is inquiring about three matters: firstly, about the Hadith concerning the souls of martyrs being in the crops of green birds and the details of its meaning; secondly, about the prohibited sitting postures during prayer and outside of it, especially on Fridays; and thirdly, about the ruling on raising the finger during the Tashahhud in the Friday sermon and at other times upon hearing the Shahada.

The hadith was narrated with two phrasings: "the souls of the martyrs" and "the souls of the believers," both of which are authentic. The apparent meaning of the hadiths indicates that the souls will be inside the crops of green birds in Paradise, not in a single bird. This is one of the matters of the unseen that must be accepted. Scholars have refuted those who used this to argue for transmigration of souls, as it contradicts what the divine laws have brought concerning resurrection, gathering, Paradise, and Hellfire. As for the postures of sitting in prayer, what is prescribed are iftirash (sitting on the left foot with the right foot upright) and tawarruk (sitting on the ground with the left foot under the right thigh and the right foot upright) in their respective places. Iq'aa' (squatting like a dog) and ihtiba' (sitting with knees drawn up and arms clasped around them) on Friday while the Imam is delivering the sermon are forbidden. Raising the finger when mentioning the Shahada (testimony of faith) has not been authentically reported except during the tashahhud in prayer.