Is zakat obligatory on the tenant for the security deposit he pays to the landlord and gets back at the end of the contract?

The amount that a tenant pays in advance to the landlord as security or a deposit: scholars have differed concerning its zakat into three opinions:

1. First opinion: Zakat is not obligatory upon the tenant due to the lack of complete ownership. 2. Second opinion: Zakat is obligatory upon the tenant because it remains his property, and this is the most accurate view. 3. Third opinion: Zakat is not obligatory upon either party.

The preponderant opinion is that zakat is obligatory upon the tenant, because it resembles a pledge, and a pledge does not cease to be the property of its owner.