What is the ruling on saying: "O Allah, deal with them, for they cannot escape You"? Is it permissible to address Allah Almighty in this manner, and is there anything in the Qur'an or Sunnah that supports the permissibility of using it?

A phrase like "You do not incapacitate Him" is not forbidden by Islamic law. Allah Almighty has informed us about Himself that nothing incapacitates Him, and He has described His enemies as not being able to incapacitate Him, as He says: "And never is Allah to be incapacitated by anything in the heavens or on earth. Indeed, He is ever Knowing and Competent" and "And they will not cause incapacity." This supplication is a means of seeking nearness to Allah through His attributes. This phrase has been frequently mentioned in the discourse of scholars.