Is a wife entitled to abandon her husband's home for several months or years until he can provide an independent home, or to request a divorce in absentia on the grounds of his family's ill-treatment and his failure to provide an independent home, given the circumstances of war and the inability to provide that?

If the husband stipulated that his wife live with his family and she agreed, then she has no right to demand a separate dwelling, especially if he is unable to provide it. However, if he did not stipulate this, or if there is harm to her from living with them, then she has the right to demand a separate dwelling, and she is permitted to leave her home until such a dwelling is provided for her. And if she refers the matter to a judge and the harm is proven, the judge may grant her a divorce if the husband refuses.