Is civil marriage permissible in Islam?

Marriage in Islam has pillars and conditions. Its pillars are the offer (ijab) and acceptance (qabul). Its conditions are: specifying the two spouses and their consent, that the guardian (wali) or his agent conducts the contract, and the presence of two just witnesses, based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "There is no marriage except with a guardian" and "There is no marriage except with a guardian and two just witnesses." Some scholars have held that public announcement (i'lan) suffices over the presence of two witnesses. As for civil marriage in court, if it is for documenting the marriage contract, it is required to protect rights. However, if it lacks the conditions of a valid Islamic marriage (nikah) or entails invalid matters, then it is not permissible to proceed with it, unless documentation is impossible without it or one is compelled to it. In such a case, the nikah should first be contracted as a valid Islamic contract in an Islamic center, and then the civil contract can be conducted in court, with the intention of referring to Sharia for arbitration and disavowing any invalid rituals. Muslims in the West should strive to formally register their marriages in Islamic centers to avoid civil marriage.