Is it permissible to perform surgery on a daughter suffering from cerebral palsy to straighten her spine, given the risk of death during the operation, knowing that not performing it will inevitably lead to her death within a few years?

If the trusted doctors are highly confident in the success of the operation and the patient's safety, then it is permissible to perform it. If death occurs, there will be no sin upon the girl or her family. For the surgery to be permissible, it is stipulated that the surgeon must be highly confident in its success, meaning that the probability of the operation succeeding and the patient surviving its risks is greater than the probability of its failure and the patient's demise.

If the surgeon believes that the patient will likely perish because of it, then it is not permissible for him to perform it, due to the Almighty's saying: ﴿وَلا تُلقُوا بأيْديكُمْ إِلَى التَهْلُكَة ... ﴾ (And do not throw yourselves with your own hands into destruction...), and His saying, exalted be He: ﴿وَلا تَقْتُلُوا أنْفُسَكُمْ إِن اللَّهَ كَانَ بكُمْ رَحيمًا﴾ (And do not kill yourselves. Indeed, Allah is ever Merciful to you). The surgeon is the reference for judging the high probability of the patient's safety.

If trusted doctors determine that the success rate of the operation is high and the probability of death due to this surgery is low, then it is permissible to perform it. If they say that death is highly probable, then it is not permissible to perform it.