What is the ruling on the white, viscous discharge that exits upon looking with lust or talking to women, and does it necessitate ghusl? And what is the ruling on and the remedy for masturbation?

The viscous discharge that exits upon looking is madhi (pre-seminal fluid). Its emission does not necessitate ghusl (ritual bathing); rather, it requires istinja' (washing the private parts), washing whatever part of the body it contaminates, sprinkling water on clothes [if stained by it], and performing wudu' (ablution) for prayer. As for what necessitates ghusl, that is mani (semen). The remedy for this is to avoid the causes that excite lust and forbidden looking, and to repent to Allah. Masturbation is forbidden, and its remedy is to avoid the causes of temptation and arousal of lust, to adhere to the remembrance of Allah Almighty, to accompany good people, to shun bad company, and to strive diligently in guarding one's thoughts.