In the Hanafi school of thought and the ruling on deriving pleasure from music and musical instruments, the questioner asks about the validity of the Hanafis declaring someone who derives pleasure from music and musical instruments to be a disbeliever, and inquires about the meaning of the phrase "perhaps the reason for the strictness is the intent of actual disbelief from the wording," which he did not understand.
All praise is due to Allah, and may peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, his family, and his companions. To proceed:
The meaning of the phrase, "Perhaps the reason for the strong emphasis (tashdeed) is that the literal meaning of disbelief (kufr) is intended from the word, but he (the speaker) does not intend it, rather he intends a metaphorical meaning," is to clarify the interpretation of "disbelief" (kufr) in the hadith about musical instruments (malaahi). The hadith describes listening to musical instruments as a sin (ma'siyah), sitting to them as immorality (fisq), and deriving pleasure from them as disbelief (kufr). The "disbelief" here has been interpreted in three ways: strong emphasis (tashdeed), considering it lawful (istihlal), or ingratitude for blessings (kufran an-ni'am). The intended meaning of "disbelief" here is not the actual disbelief that expels one from the fold of Islam, but rather a metaphorical disbelief meant to magnify and emphasize the gravity of the sin.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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