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The question

Is someone who dies defending their homeland considered a martyr if they are not Muslim?

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Source: FtawySummary from Ftawy's records · added here Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Whoever is killed in the path of Allah is a martyr, meaning he fights so that the word of Allah is supreme, as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) clarified. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has explained the categories of martyrs. Among them are the martyr of the battlefield and those who are joined with him in the virtue of martyrdom. Martyrdom is a high status that is only for the people of faith. As for whoever the call of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) reaches and he does not believe in him, then he is a disbeliever from the people of Hellfire. As for the rulings in this world, if non-Muslims participate in defending the lands of Muslims without concessions, then there is no harm in thanking and rewarding them.

Summary from Ftawy's records · added here

Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
582
Added here
. This is when the answer was added to El Fatwa, not the fatwa's date.
Text
Summary from Ftawy's records, reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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Read the full answer on Ftawy