How can one act upon a Sunnah whose authenticity is presumptive and consider it part of the religion, and is the Hadith "My Ummah will not agree upon error" consecutively transmitted (mutawatir)?
The distinction between mutawatir (concurrently transmitted) and ahad (single-strand) hadith is presumptive, and the attainment of knowledge and certainty is relative, varying with individuals and circumstances. The authentic ahad hadith provides knowledge according to some scholars, or knowledge accompanied by corroborating evidence, or preponderant conjecture necessitating action. These are the views of the imams whose opinions are followed. As for those who contend that it provides neither knowledge nor necessitates action, they are innovators, and their doctrine leads to the corruption of religion and worldly affairs, for the welfare of people depends on preponderant conjectures.
Abundant evidence from the Qur'an, Sunnah, scholarly consensus (ijma'), and intellect indicates the obligation to act upon an authentic ahad hadith. The rational argument for the authority of the ahad hadith is self-evident and aligns with human nature, requiring little elaborate argumentation or proof. If the door were opened to rejecting evidence based on whims, no human affair would remain secure in any aspect of life. Thus, abstaining from accepting an authentic ahad hadith leads to the disruption of both religious and worldly matters.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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