Hadith and Authenticity

• Should the writing of "Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammad" with a yaa' be corrected for people, along with a warning about a potential error in the quote "wa la tusahib illa mu'minan" in Fatwa no. 36991?
• Why isn't the story of the Dajjal mentioned in the Muwatta despite its fame among the people of Medina, and does this indicate its weakness?
• What is the criterion that enables us to say: a reference is from the first or second category? Is it the fame of the book, its critical edition, and its publication by many publishing houses? And how do we deal with obscure references found as manuscripts in major institutions like Al-Azhar? And if the hadith is in the chapter of rulings, then is this isnad (chain of narration) only for consideration, and if we find it in more than two of these obscure books with this sound isnad, or with another sound isnad, then does it become hasan (good) in itself, and if we find it in only one book, or two books from these books, then does it not rise to the level of hasan? And if the hadith is in the chapter of the virtues of deeds, then is it acted upon with the conditions stipulated by scholars for acting upon a weak hadith, and it is not said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, but rather it is said: It was narrated from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?
• How can the Prophet’s hadiths that restrict the speakers in the cradle to three, using the restrictive particle “illa” (except), be reconciled with other hadiths that mention more than that, taking into account that pausing in repelling contradiction may open the door to doubts and suspicions?
• Is it true that Abu Bakra was flogged by Umar for his testimony against Al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba on charges of adultery, and does that affect the authenticity of the hadith "Never will a people prosper who entrust their affairs to a woman," which was narrated by Abu Bakra?
• What is the authenticity of the information stated in this article regarding various facts about Satan, such as his name, why clothes should be folded at night, why the bed should be dusted before sleeping, what his favorite color is, the days he dislikes, why one should say "Bismillah" before getting dressed, what his favorite abode is, his favorite and most disliked foods, when he urinates in people's ears, what supplication protects from his whispers, what is the heaviest thing to him, his favorite places, why one should cover the mouth when yawning, who his children are, why it is not permissible to say "qaws quzah" (rainbow), what most blackens his face, when he cries and screams, what his homeland is, with which hand he eats and how many fingers he uses, what is his worst sleep, and what most angers him in prayer?
• How is the contravention of the Jews achieved on their days of veneration: is it by fasting, so as not to celebrate, or by breaking the fast and not intending to fast, taking into account the Hadith of Umm Salamah: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to fast on Saturday and Sunday more than he would fast on other days, and he would say: 'These are the days of 'Eid for the idolaters, and I love to contravene them,' and the scholars' reasoning for the Prophet's prohibition of fasting on Saturday?"
• Is there a prohibition against traveling by sea when it is rough, and what is the authenticity of the hadith that states, "Whoever travels by sea, his protection is withdrawn from him," and what is the meaning of "his protection is withdrawn from him"?
• Who is Abu Ishaq al-Hamadani, what are his contributions to hadith, and what is the authenticity of his hadith?
• How do we respond to disbelievers if they say that what is mentioned in verse 14 of Surat Al-Mu'minun is found in the Torah, citing what was narrated from Muhammad ibn Ka'b Al-Qurazi that he read in it, "O Son of Adam! I have not been treated fairly by you; I created you when you were nothing..."?
• Why have the muhaddithun (scholars of Hadith) not focused on authenticating non-legal traditions reported from the Companions, and is it necessary to ascertain the authenticity of every tradition, even if it does not pertain to legal rulings?
• What is to be done to confront the sorcery of the paternal uncle's wife, which has caused the father's condition to deteriorate, led to financial hardship, and resulted in the daughter suffering from illness and nightmares, especially after failed attempts to seek help through ruqyah sharia?
• Are the two hadiths that address the issue of marriage—one stipulating financial capability, and the other mentioning the Prophet's marrying off a poor man—contradictory, or is the understanding flawed?
• To what extent is it true that Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, proposed to Zaynab, may Allah be pleased with her, before her marriage to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and when she refused him, he supplicated: "O Allah, marry her to someone better than me, and marry me to someone better than her," so the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, married her, and he [Ali] married Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her?
• Is there a book called "Nukat al-Qur'an," and if so, how are its letters formed?
• What is the authenticity of the widespread stories that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to see behind him as he saw in front of him, and that he invoked Allah against the grandfather of Banu Marwan, "May Allah loosen your jaw," whereupon his teeth fell out, and that he invoked Allah against him to keep walking in a certain way, so he remained so for the rest of his life?
• How sound is the Prophetic prohibition of cutting, severing, piercing, and repeatedly (sawing) in slaughter?
• What is the authenticity of the hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about a woman who used to pray behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and due to her, Allah Almighty revealed the verse: "And We have already known the preceding among you and We have already known the succeeding"? Does it indicate the uncovering of women's faces? Are there other hadiths that support it?
• Is what was mentioned true regarding Sarah's jealousy of Hagar and her vow to cut off one of her body parts, and that Abraham commanded her to pierce her ears to fulfill her vow, thus making it a sunnah? And was jealousy the reason?
• How can the authenticity of Hadith be verified, knowing that there is a discrepancy in the numbering of the Hadith "He who purifies himself in his house..." when searching for it in Sahih Muslim (666), despite it being quoted in a previous fatwa?
• What is the authenticity of the the statement that helping people is better than a thousand prayers in the Prophet's Mosque, and what is its evidence?
• What is the authenticity of the hadiths narrated concerning the shedding of blood in Mina during Hajj upon the advent of the Awaited Mahdi, including the hadith: "In Dhul-Qa'dah, the tribes will contend and scatter, and the pilgrims will be plundered, and there will be a massacre in Mina, in which the slain will be many, and blood will flow until their blood flows over the Aqaba of the Jamra, and until their leader (the Mahdi) flees and comes between the Rukn and the Maqam, where he will be sworn allegiance to unwillingly, and it will be said to him: 'If you refuse, we shall strike your neck,' and he will be sworn allegiance to by the number of the people of Badr, with whom the dweller of the heavens and the dweller of the earth are pleased"?
• How can one identify the hadith referred to by Imam Al-Nawawi in the Forty Hadith, given a slight difference in the text and chain of transmission between the narrations found in Al-Bukhari and Muslim?
• What is the reliable authority for judging the authenticity of Hadith, and what methodology did early scholars follow in that regard?