How can one atone for the non-material rights of others, such as backbiting, negligence at work, and transgressions? Are these actions considered out of ignorance, and does repentance erase them, or do they require expiation?
Among the conditions for repentance is to absolve oneself from the rights of others (عباد). These rights are of two types: financial rights, such as negligence at work, which must be absolved by paying compensation or seeking forgiveness. And non-financial rights, such as backbiting (gheebah) and slandering (nameemah), regarding the method of absolving which there is disagreement.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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