Is it permissible to hit a 12-year-old son for abandoning the Fajr congregational prayer in the mosque and abandoning the Sunnah prayers, if advice is not effective with him?

A child should be disciplined for abandoning the Fajr prayer in congregation at the mosque. As for the regular supererogatory prayers (Sunan Rawatib) and other voluntary prayers, the child should not be disciplined for abandoning them, contrary to the view of some scholars. The discipline should be a light, non-injurious, and beneficial beating.