What is the difference between the rawatib, the nawafil, and the sunan?
"Nawafil" (supererogatory prayers) are all prayers other than the obligatory (Fard) ones. They are divided into two categories: Nawafil that are tied to the Fard prayers (Ratibah), which are of two types: confirmed (Mu'akkadah) (12 Rak'ahs) and unconfirmed (Ghayr Mu'akkadah). And Nawafil that are not tied to the Fard prayers (Ghayr Ratibah), which are many, such as Witr and Duha. There are also confirmed prayers such as the Eid prayers, the prayer for rain (Istisqa'), and the eclipse prayer (Kusuf). Additionally, there are absolute Nawafil (Mutlaqah) that are not restricted by a specific number and can be performed at any time, except during the disliked times. Both Ratibah prayers and Sunnah prayers are encompassed by the term "Nawafil," but Ratibah prayers are a more specific category than Sunnah prayers.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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