How should a Muslim act when an earthquake occurs, and are those who die because of it considered martyrs?

Earthquakes are among the established norms of Allah, occurring as a reminder of His power, a warning to the disobedient, or a punishment for sins. They are among the soldiers of Allah. Upon their occurrence, a Muslim should repent, give charity, pray, and supplicate, because affliction occurs due to what human hands have earned. It is permissible to flee if a safe direction is found. As for those killed by earthquakes, they are martyrs, based on the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: "The martyrs are five: the one who dies of plague, the one who dies of a stomach disease, the drowned, the one who dies under a falling building, and the martyr in the cause of Allah."