What is the ruling on using pirated computer programs, such as architectural engineering programs like AutoCAD, especially if they are essential for work and no free alternative of the same efficiency is available, and owning original copies is expensive, given that the owners of these programs are non-Muslims?

It is forbidden to infringe upon programs that are lawfully protected and preserved. Therefore, it is not permissible for a trainer or teacher to use pirated software, and they must desist from doing so. However, the salary earned from training courses using these programs is lawful, as it is in exchange for training and teaching. Nevertheless, the user of such programs will be held accountable for using what their owners have not authorized, and the program owners have a financial right against him for the benefits and harm they have lost. Intellectual property rights must be respected and not infringed upon.