Did the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) live illiterate and die illiterate, not knowing how to read or write?

The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, was born illiterate and remained so, which is considered a perfection and a miracle for him. Allah sent him as a messenger to recite His verses to the illiterate, purify them, and teach them the Book and wisdom. This indicates that his illiteracy was a miracle that did not diminish his message in any way.

The Quran confirmed his illiteracy in the verse: "And you did not recite before it any book, nor did you inscribe it with your right hand; otherwise, the falsifiers would have doubted" (Al-Ankabut: 48). This was to dispel doubts about the source of revelation and to confirm that what he brought was not from his personal knowledge of reading and writing, but rather a divine revelation. Scholars have differed on whether the Prophet later learned to write. Some hold that he wrote in the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, while the majority maintain that he ordered the writing but did not write himself, reasoning that his illiteracy was for a profound wisdom.