What are the pillars (arkān), obligations (wājibāt), and recommended acts (sunan) of prayer (ṣalāh), and how is the salutation (taslīm) performed in prayer, and to whom is the salutation directed when turning right, left, and forward?

The worshipper concludes the prayer while seated, turning to his right and left, saying: "Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah." It is sunnah for the turn to the left to be more pronounced, and for the salutation not to be prolonged or extended. The purpose of the salutation is to exit the prayer. Some jurists have mentioned other intentions: The imam intends with the first taslim to exit the prayer and to greet those on his right and the guardian angels, and with the second taslim, to greet those on his left and the guardian angels. The congregant intends with the first taslim to exit the prayer and to greet the imam and the guardian angels, and those beside him in his row, behind him, and in front of him. With the second taslim, he intends to greet the guardian angels and those beside him. The individual praying alone intends with the first taslim to exit the prayer and to greet the guardian angels, and with the second taslim, to greet the guardian angels.