What is the ruling on swearing upon the Qur’an while changing the intention of the swearer, if the one demanding the oath is not a judge and the oath may result in severe harm to the one sworn against?
Placing one's hand on the Qur’an while swearing an oath is an innovation (bid‘ah). An oath is judged by the intention of the one administering it, not by the intention of the one swearing it, if it pertains to the rights of others. It is permissible for the one swearing an oath to lie in their oath if compelled to do so to repel injustice from themselves or to conceal themselves, provided that no rights of others are lost as a result.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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