What is the ruling on breaking the fast for several days in Ramadan due to studying and inability to concentrate, or due to stomach problems and nausea? Is this considered a legitimate excuse for breaking the fast? And what is incumbent upon someone who has broken the fast: should they fast the number of days they missed consecutively or not? Is it permissible to eat and drink normally during the daytime in Ramadan after breaking the fast due to an excuse? And what is the ruling on sexual intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan after breaking the fast due to an excuse for both spouses?

It is not permissible to break the fast in Ramadan due to studies and exams, because this is not among the legitimate excuses that permit breaking the fast. Whoever breaks the fast for this reason must repent and make up for those days. As for breaking the fast due to illness, it is permissible if fasting increases the illness or delays recovery. The sick person and their spouse must make up the days they missed. The missed days must be made up before the advent of another Ramadan. The making up can be done at leisure, and it is preferable that it not be consecutive. Whoever breaks the fast due to a legitimate excuse is permitted to eat, drink, and engage in marital intimacy.