Is it permissible for a father to rent two floors of his building to an interest-based bank, and is it permissible for the son to benefit from what the father gives him from this rent if the contract is concluded?

Your father is not permitted to rent his house to an usurious bank, because doing so is considered assisting in the unlawful, and means take the rulings of their ends, and whatever leads to the unlawful is similar to it. Jurists have explicitly stated the prohibition of selling grapes to one who will make wine from them, and renting a house to one who will use it for unlawful purposes. If your father proceeds with this action, you are not permitted to benefit from the unlawful money unless you are poor and in need. You must advise him in the best manner, and explain that your happiness lies in his salvation from Allah's wrath.