Is there any Sharia violation in the game of "bananeer" or "julul" – where a child pays for its marbles ("bananeer") and plays with them by throwing his marble into a hole and then shooting at his opponent's marbles to take them if he hits them?

It is permissible to play with what you mentioned without the player taking money from his companion, because that is considered prohibited gambling. The basis for this is the saying of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "There is no prize except for an arrow, a hoof, or a paw." Therefore, it is not permissible to take money or compensation in competitions and games except for these three and what is analogous to them, which assists in material and moral jihad.